Mystery of Stonehenge’s origins potentially solved by Cardiff Uni via a cow’s tooth

The mystery of Stonehenge’s origins have potentially been solved via the discovery of a historic cow’s tooth.

Researchers from Cardiff University, alongside the British Geological Survey (BGS) and University College London (UCL), have examined new evidence which is said to have discovered the origin of the infamous Wiltshire landmark.

It has been revealed that a cow’s jawbone, which was uncovered in 1924 outside the south entrance of Stonehenge, has linked the landmark to two quarries in Wales, believed to possibly be the source of the giant rock formation.

Researchers used isotope analysis on the cow’s third molar tooth in attempts to identify potential details about the cow’s diet, movement and environment, according to The Independent

It was discovered the cow had come from an area consisting of Palaeozoic rocks, sedimentary or volcanic rocks, which resembled ones located in Wales, before being transported to Stonehenge.

Dated back to between 2,995 and 2,900 BC, the cow’s jawbone has been said to be responsible for evidence linking cattle remains from Stonehenge to Wales.

via Pexels

This newfound evidence has corroborated previous theories about cows aiding or being responsible for the movement and transportation of the massive stones which form Stonehenge.

Following examination, it was concluded that lead isotopes revealed composition spikes during the late winter to spring.

This directed researchers’ attention to a lead source, which appeared to be older than the lead comprising the rest of the cow’s tooth, a discovery suggesting the animal came from an area with Palaeozoic rocks – such as bluestones found in Wales.

The strange signal was ultimately explained by lead previously stored in the cow’s bones that were being re-mobilised during pregnancy, pointing to evidence suggesting the cow was a female.

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Richard Madgwich, a professor of archeological science at Cardiff University, told The Independent: “This research has provided key new insights into the biography of this enigmatic cow whose remains were deposited in such important locations at a Stonehenge entrance.

“It provides unparalleled new detail on the distant origins of the animal and the arduous journey it was brought on.”

Jane Evans, a professor and BGS honorary research associate, said the discovery of the cow’s jawbone has told researchers “an extraordinary tale”, adding “they hope there is still more to learn from her long journey” as “new scientific tools emerge.”

Michael Parker Pearson, a professor of British later prehistory at UCL, said: “This is yet more fascinating evidence for Stonehenge’s link with south west Wales, where its bluestones come from.

“It raises the tantalising possibility that cattle helped to haul the stones.”

Featured image via Canva and Pexels